Varicose veins, a widespread condition that impacts millions worldwide, are characterized by the enlargement, twisting, and bulging of veins. Although primarily found in the legs and feet, these veins may appear anywhere on the body. While they are generally not harmful, varicose veins can cause discomfort, pain, and aesthetic worries for certain individuals.
Thankfully, numerous treatment options exist to relieve symptoms and enhance the appearance of varicose veins. To learn more about these treatment approaches, continue reading.
Causes and Risk Factors
Varicose veins occur when the valves within the veins malfunction or weaken, leading to blood pooling and the subsequent enlargement of the veins. The actual cause of this valve dysfunction is unknown. However, several risk factors have been identified. These include a family history of varicose veins, pregnancy, age, obesity, prolonged sitting or standing, and blood clots or vein-related conditions.
Recognizing the Symptoms
Varicose veins often present with noticeable symptoms ranging from mild to severe. Common signs include:
The presence of visible, twisted veins that are dark purple or blue
Achy or heavy sensations in the legs
Swelling
Burning or itching of the affected area
Muscle cramping
Worsening pain after prolonged periods of sitting or standing
Non-Invasive Treatment Options
For individuals with mild symptoms or cosmetic concerns, non-invasive treatment options can be highly effective. Compression stockings are often recommended to alleviate discomfort by providing pressure and support to the veins.
The following lifestyle modifications can also help improve symptoms and slow down the progression:
Regular exercise
Maintaining a healthy weight
Avoiding prolonged sitting or standing
Elevating the legs
Minimally Invasive Treatment Approaches
Minimally invasive treatment options are available in more severe cases or when conservative measures fail. Endovenous laser treatment (EVLT) uses laser energy to seal the problematic vein, redirecting blood flow to healthier veins. Another option is radiofrequency ablation (RFA), in which heat is used to collapse and seal off the vein.
Surgical Interventions
Surgical intervention may be necessary in cases where the varicose veins are severe and causing significant discomfort.
Procedures such as ligation and stripping involve removing the affected veins through small incisions.
Ambulatory phlebectomy is another surgical technique that involves making tiny punctures to remove the varicose veins.
In sclerotherapy, the varicose veins are injected with a solution or foam that scars and closes those veins. In a few weeks, treated varicose veins are expected to fade.
Laser treatment uses powerful bursts of light directed at the vein, causing it to fade and vanish gradually. This procedure is non-invasive, and there is no need for incisions or injections.
Catheter-based procedures are another treatment option in which the affected vein is pierced with a catheter, and radiofrequency or laser energy is applied to heat the catheter’s tip.
